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(Light industry) Before the 1990s, industrial sectors were typically categorized into two groups: heavy and light industry. Integrated facilities such as petrochemicals, automotive, machinery equipment, electrical machines, iron-steel, and oil refineries were considered heavy industry, while textiles, food, and other consumer-oriented industries were classified as light industry. After the 1990s, this distinction lost its significance, and industrial sectors began to be differentiated based on their research and development capacities and technology intensity in a fourfold classification.