Dünya Bankası Nedir? Dünya Bankası Hakkında Kapsamlı Bilgiler

(World Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development: IBRD) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development was established in accordance with the Bretton Woods Agreement convened in 1944. It is commonly referred to as the World Bank. The bank, consisting of 189 member countries, was originally founded to facilitate the reconstruction of war-torn production capacities in Western European countries. Since 1948, the World Bank has redirected its activities towards developing countries. This institution aims to address long-term and structural imbalances in the balance of payments of member countries and seeks to meet a portion of the capital needs of developing nations. Eleven members hold 55% of the bank’s capital, with Turkey ranked 20th in capital allocation among its members.

The governance of the World Bank consists of the Board of Governors, the Executive Directors, and the Presidency. The Board of Governors comprises one governor and an alternate appointed by each member state and convenes annually. The Executive Directors is a permanent decision-making body consisting of 24 members appointed for two-year terms. The president of the World Bank, headquartered in Washington, D.C., is traditionally chosen from among American citizens. Since the 1990s, the World Bank has prioritized social objectives, supporting projects related to alleviating hunger, ensuring all children have access to primary education, and preventing gender discrimination in social and economic issues, among others.

The World Bank Group: The five institutions within the World Bank Group are the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes.